Investigation of General Physical Geography Characteristics of Kula District from a Geographical Perspective

Abstract

The Kula district, which constitutes the research area, is located within the borders of the Inner West Anatolia Region of the Aegean Region. Kula, which is located in the east of Manisa, to which it is administratively connected, constitutes one of the largest districts of the province with 981 km2. The district, which is established about 720 meters high from the sea, has Eşme in the east, Salihli in the west, Köprübaşı, Selendi and Demirci in the north and Alaşehir in the south. Kula, which is located within the borders of the Inner West Anatolia Region of the Aegean Region, is located in the Anatolid Belt in terms of tectonic units. The site developed on the Upper Cretaceous-Upper Eocene aged and metamorphic-crystalline basement of the old Anatolid-Trolid platform. The High Taurus Nappes took their roots from the Pontid / Anatolid suture zone and thus the Anatolides became a common tectonic window. The high plateau areas extend as a belt in the northern part of the study area, decreasing in height from east to west. These elements representing the fragmented geological units belonging to the Upper Miocene are separated and isolated from each other. These plateaus are Ulucak, Martyrs and Encekler plateaus. Generally, in Western Anatolia, which is within the influence area of the Mediterranean climate, the upper channels of the Gediz River are brought from the rivers that collect the waters of the region and carry them to the Aegean Sea. Therefore, almost all rivers in the region reflect the characteristics of the Mediterranean climate. As the soil type in Kula, alluvial on the flow routes of the district center and rivers, basaltic in a few small areas to the north and west of the district center, brown forest soils covering a large area to the north of the district center, the lime-free brown forest soils and lime-free brown soils in a large part of the district land are observed. spread. In a small area to the north of the district land, there are red-colored Mediterranean soils and rendzinas. The vegetation structure of the research area is located in the Eastern Mediterranean Flora World sub-branch of the Mediterranean Phytogeography Region. Light-loving and hard-leaved vegetative cover spread in the region.